Lighting basics for stage, broadcast and live streams

Good lighting makes everything look better on camera and in real life. Whether you run a small webcast, rig stage lights for a show, or pick LEDs for a studio, a few clear rules will save time and money. Below you’ll find step-by-step DMX basics, why LEDs cost more, and quick fixes for common streaming lighting problems.

Quick DMX setup you can do today

DMX assigns channels so each fixture responds the way you want. First, pick one DMX universe (1–512 channels). Decide how many channels each fixture uses — check the manual for mode and channel count. Physically set the address using the fixture’s dip switches or menu. If a light needs channel 25, set the address to 25. Chain fixtures with standard 3-pin or 5-pin XLR DMX cables. Put a DMX terminator (120-ohm resistor) on the last cable to avoid signal errors.

Map channels on your console or software before you go live. Test each fixture: pan, tilt, dim, and color. If two fixtures react the same way, you likely duplicated an address. A simple rule: start with address 1 for the first fixture and add the fixture’s channel length to find the next free address (for example, a 10-channel fixture starting at 1 means the next should start at 11).

LEDs, flicker, and quick buying tips

LEDs cost more because of better components: quality diodes, drivers, heat sinks, and optics. Cheap LEDs save upfront cash but often flicker on camera, have poor color rendering, and die sooner. Look for high CRI (90+), constant-current drivers, and PWM frequency above camera refresh ranges to reduce flicker. For live streaming, test lights with your camera before the event—move the shutter and frame rate to see if any strobing appears.

Use a three-point light approach for people: key light (strongest), fill light (softer, lower power), and back or hair light (separates subject from background). Diffusion softens harsh LEDs; bounce panels work well if you don’t want direct light. For stage work, account for heat and power: LEDs run cooler but still need proper mounting and ventilation.

For webcasts and broadcasts, plan the lighting with your camera settings in mind. Match color temperatures across fixtures (3200K vs 5600K), or use gels to balance mixed lights. If you’re also handling audio and streaming, set lighting first—good exposure reduces bandwidth and compression issues on weak streams.

Final practical checklist: label DMX addresses, carry spare cables and a terminator, test LEDs for flicker with your camera, pick fixtures with high CRI, and map your console before showtime. Good prep cuts stress during live events and gives your footage a professional look.

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